The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a highly contagious virus and the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. HPV is a common virus that can affect both men and women. HPV is spread by skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity, including oral sex. You do not have to have sexual intercourse to get an HPV infection. Any contact in the genital area or skin around the genitals can potentially transmit HPV.
HPV can lead to five different cancers in women: cervical, vulvar, vaginal, anal, and head and neck cancer. It can also cause genital warts.
HPV can lead to three different cancers in men: anal, penile, and head and neck cancer. It can also cause genital warts.
You can reduce your risk of contracting HPV by using a condom during sex, quitting smoking, and ensuring that you’ve been vaccinated against HPV. Vaccination helps prevent most HPV-related cancers and genital warts.
The National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) recommends the HPV vaccine (Gardasil) from 9 years of age onwards. There is no upper age limit.
The vaccine is most effective when given before sexual activity begins. Those who are already sexually active can still benefit from the vaccine.
In Ontario, all students in Grade 7 are eligible for a publicly funded vaccine until the end of their Grade 12 year of high school and is offered for free to men who have sex with other men who are 26 years of age or under.
If you are outside of these age categories, talk to your primary care provider to see if Gardasil is right for you.